Strenghtening the Government: A Review of Fukuyama’s Theory of State Building

Yoserizal Yoserizal

Authors

Yoserizal Yoserizal Universitas Andalas

Keywords:

State Governance, Liberal Democracy, Fukuyama's Theory, Public Administration

Abstract

This paper explores the evolving role of the state in the context of modern governance, particularly focusing on liberal and neoliberal democracies. It begins by examining how subjectivity in interpreting phenomena is influenced by one's initial understanding of concepts, referencing Fukuyama's assertion that the ideal governance system of the 20th century was Liberal Democracy, while socialist systems failed to establish strong state orders. The paper then critiques the practical implementation of liberal democracy and neoliberalism, highlighting the persistent challenges such as terrorism, HIV spread, enduring poverty, and civil conflicts that indicate the state's failure to effectively fulfill its role. By applying this framework, the research assesses the effectiveness of liberal and neoliberal approaches in state-building and identifies the factors contributing to state weakness.Additionally, the paper provides a comprehensive review of the causes behind state inefficacy and discusses the limitations of public administration science despite various efforts to reinforce it. The analysis is divided into three main sections: the first presents an analytical framework for understanding state functions, capacities, and legitimacy; the second examines the reasons for state weakness; and the third explores international dimensions and potential solutions to address state failures. Ultimately, the paper proposes strategic recommendations to enhance state functions and capacity, offering insights into how states can better address global challenges and reinforce their roles in contemporary society.

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